Reports and Maps of the Geological Survey Released Only in the Open Files, 1966

There is a reference to the Espey "Some effects on urbanization on storm runoff, Waller Creek".Waller Creek Working Grou

Effect of frequent hemodialysis on residual kidney function.

Frequent hemodialysis can alter volume status, blood pressure, and the concentration of osmotically active solutes, each of which might affect residual kidney function (RKF). In the Frequent Hemodialysis Network Daily and Nocturnal Trials, we examined the effects of assignment to six compared with three-times-per-week hemodialysis on follow-up RKF. In both trials, baseline RKF was inversely correlated with number of years since onset of ESRD. In the Nocturnal Trial, 63 participants had non-zero RKF at baseline (mean urine volume 0.76 liter/day, urea clearance 2.3 ml/min, and creatinine clearance 4.7 ml/min). In those assigned to frequent nocturnal dialysis, these indices were all significantly lower at month 4 and were mostly so at month 12 compared with controls. In the frequent dialysis group, urine volume had declined to zero in 52% and 67% of patients at months 4 and 12, respectively, compared with 18% and 36% in controls. In the Daily Trial, 83 patients had non-zero RKF at baseline (mean urine volume 0.43 liter/day, urea clearance 1.2 ml/min, and creatinine clearance 2.7 ml/min). Here, treatment assignment did not significantly influence follow-up levels of the measured indices, although the range in baseline RKF was narrower, potentially limiting power to detect differences. Thus, frequent nocturnal hemodialysis appears to promote a more rapid loss of RKF, the mechanism of which remains to be determined. Whether RKF also declines with frequent daily treatment could not be determined

Verbal Fluency in a National Sample: Telephone Administration Methods

Objectives: Describe novel methods for ascertaining verbal fluency in a large national sample of adults, examine demographic factors influencing performance, and compare scores to studies using in-person assessment. Methods/Design: Participants were from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a national, population-based, longitudinal study of stroke in adults aged 45 years an older. Letter and semantic fluency were gathered, using Letter “F” and Animal Naming, via a telephone-based assessment with computer-assisted scoring of digital recordings. Results: Initial letter and semantic fluency scores were obtained on 18,505 and 18,072 participants, respectively. For both fluency tests, scores were normally distributed. Younger age and more years of education were associated with better performances (p<0.0001). The mean and standard deviation for matched subgroups, based on age, gender, and education, were quite comparable to scores reported out of samples using an in-person administration format. Telephone-based assessment also allowed for a level of quality control not available via in-person measurement. Conclusions: Telephone-based assessment of verbal fluency and computer-assisted scoring programs designed for this study facilitated large scale data acquisition, storage, and scoring of protocols. The resulting scores have similar characteristics to those obtained by traditional methods. These findings extend validation of cognitive assessment methods, using survey research staff and computer-assisted technology for test administration

Evaluation of Osteoconductive Scaffolds in the Canine Femoral Multi-Defect Model

Treatment of large segmental bone defects remains an unsolved clinical challenge, despite a wide array of existing bone graft materials. This project was designed to rapidly assess and compare promising biodegradable osteoconductive scaffolds for use in the systematic development of new bone regeneration methodologies that combine scaffolds, sources of osteogenic cells, and bioactive scaffold modifications. Promising biomaterials and scaffold fabrication methods were identified in laboratories at Rutgers, MIT, Integra Life Sciences, and Mayo Clinic. Scaffolds were fabricated from various materials, including poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), poly(L-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL), tyrosine-derived polycarbonate (TyrPC), and poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF). Highly porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing, laser stereolithography, or solvent casting followed by porogen leaching. The canine femoral multi-defect model was used to systematically compare scaffold performance and enable selection of the most promising substrate(s) on which to add cell sourcing options and bioactive surface modifications. Mineralized cancellous allograft (MCA) was used to provide a comparative reference to the current clinical standard for osteoconductive scaffolds. Percent bone volume within the defect was assessed 4 weeks after implantation using both MicroCT and limited histomorphometry. Bone formed at the periphery of all scaffolds with varying levels of radial ingrowth. MCA produced a rapid and advanced stage of bone formation and remodeling throughout the defect in 4 weeks, greatly exceeding the performance of all polymer scaffolds. Two scaffold constructs, TyrPC[subscript PL]/TCP and PPF4[subscript SLA]/HA[subscript PLGA Dip], proved to be significantly better than alternative PLGA and PLCL scaffolds, justifying further development. MCA remains the current standard for osteoconductive scaffolds.United States. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine)United States. Office of Naval ResearchUnited States. Air Force. Office of the Surgeon GeneralUnited States. NavyNational Institutes of Health (U.S.)United States. Veterans AdministrationCleveland Clinic Foundatio

Medical Applications of Fast Field Cycling MRI

Non peer reviewedPublisher PD

Measurement of pH. Definition, Standards, and Procedures

The definition of a “primary method of measurement” [1] has permitted a full consideration of the definition of primary standards for pH, determined by a primary method (cell without transference, Harned cell), of the definition of secondary standards by secondary methods, and of the question whether pH, as a conventional quantity, can be incorporated within the internationally accepted system of measurement, the International System of Units (SI, Système International d’Unités). This approach has enabled resolution of the previous compromise IUPAC 1985 Recommendations [2]. Furthermore, incorporation of the uncertainties for the primary method, and for all subsequent measurements, permits the uncertainties for all procedures to be linked to the primary standards by an unbroken chain of comparisons. Thus, a rational choice can be made by the analyst of the appropriate procedure to achieve the target uncertainty of sample pH. Accordingly, this document explains IUPAC recommended definitions, procedures, and terminology relating to pH measurements in dilute aqueous solutions in the temperature range 5–50 °C. Details are given of the primary and secondary methods for measuring pH and the rationale for the assignment of pH values with appropriate uncertainties to selected primary and secondary substances

Aerosol and Surface Contamination of SARS-CoV-2 Observed in Quarantine and Isolation Care

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in Wuhan, China in late 2019, and its resulting coronavirus disease, COVID-19, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The rapid global spread of COVID-19 represents perhaps the most significant public health emergency in a century. As the pandemic progressed, a continued paucity of evidence on routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission has resulted in shifting infection prevention and control guidelines between classically-defined airborne and droplet precautions. During the initial isolation of 13 individuals with COVID-19 at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, we collected air and surface samples to examine viral shedding from isolated individuals. We detected viral contamination among all samples, supporting the use of airborne isolation precautions when caring for COVID-19 patients

TOI-431/HIP 26013: A super-Earth and a sub-Neptune transiting a bright, early K dwarf, with a third RV planet

We present the bright (Vmag = 9.12), multiplanet system TOI-431, characterized with photometry and radial velocities (RVs). We estimate the stellar rotation period to be 30.5 ± 0.7 d using archival photometry and RVs. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) objects of Interest (TOI)-431 b is a super-Earth with a period of 0.49 d, a radius of 1.28 ± 0.04 R, a mass of 3.07 ± 0.35 M, and a density of 8.0 ± 1.0 g cm-3; TOI-431 d is a sub-Neptune with a period of 12.46 d, a radius of 3.29 ± 0.09 R, a mass of 9.90+1.53-1.49 M, and a density of 1.36 ± 0.25 g cm-3. We find a third planet, TOI-431 c, in the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher RV data, but it is not seen to transit in the TESS light curves. It has an Msin i of 2.83+0.41-0.34 M, and a period of 4.85 d. TOI-431 d likely has an extended atmosphere and is one of the most well-suited TESS discoveries for atmospheric characterization, while the super-Earth TOI-431 b may be a stripped core. These planets straddle the radius gap, presenting an interesting case-study for atmospheric evolution, and TOI-431 b is a prime TESS discovery for the study of rocky planet phase curves.Fil: Osborn, Ares. University of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Armstrong, David J. University of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Cale, Bryson. George Mason University; Estados UnidosFil: Brahm, Rafael. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chile. Instituto de Astrofísica; ChileFil: Wittenmyer, Robert A. University Of Southern Queensland; AustraliaFil: Dai, Fei. Division Of Geological And Planetary Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Crossfield, Ian J. M. University of Kansas; Estados UnidosFil: Bryant, Edward M. University of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Adibekyan, Vardan. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Cloutier, Ryan. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Collins, Karen A. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Delgado Mena, E.. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Fridlund, Malcolm. Leiden University; Países Bajos. Chalmers University of Technology; SueciaFil: Hellier, Coel. Keele University; Reino UnidoFil: Howell, Steve B. NASA Ames Research Center; Estados UnidosFil: King, George W. University of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Lillo Box, Jorge. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Astrobiología; EspañaFil: Otegi, Jon. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza. Universitat Zurich; SuizaFil: Sousa, S.. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Stassun, Keivan G. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Matthews, Elisabeth C. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Ziegler, Carl. University of Toronto; CanadáFil: Ricker, George. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Vanderspek, Roland. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Latham, David W. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Seager, S.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Winn, Joshua N.. University of Princeton; Estados UnidosFil: Jenkins, Jon M. NASA Ames Research Center; Estados UnidosFil: Acton, Jack S. University of Leicester; Reino UnidoFil: Addison, Brett C. University Of Southern Queensland; AustraliaFil: Diaz, Rodrigo Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias Físicas. - Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Ciencias Físicas; Argentin